Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) allows Java developers to map Java classes to XML representations. JAXB provides two main features: the ability to marshal Java objects into XML and, to unmarshal XML back into Java objects.

Let’s quickly dive into an example:

Here is the xml file

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
	<book id="bk101">
		<author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
		<title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
		<genre>Computer</genre>
		<price>44.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
		<description>An in-depth look at creating applications
			with XML.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk102">
		<author>Ralls, Kim</author>
		<title>Midnight Rain</title>
		<genre>Fantasy</genre>
		<price>5.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
		<description>A former architect battles corporate zombies,
			an evil
			sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen
			of the world.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk103">
		<author>Corets, Eva</author>
		<title>Maeve Ascendant</title>
		<genre>Fantasy</genre>
		<price>5.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-11-17</publish_date>
		<description>After the collapse of a nanotechnology
			society in England,
			the young survivors lay the
			foundation for a new society.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk104">
		<author>Corets, Eva</author>
		<title>Oberon's Legacy</title>
		<genre>Fantasy</genre>
		<price>5.95</price>
		<publish_date>2001-03-10</publish_date>
		<description>In post-apocalypse England, the mysterious
			agent known
			only as Oberon helps to create a new life
			for the inhabitants of
			London. Sequel to Maeve
			Ascendant.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk105">
		<author>Corets, Eva</author>
		<title>The Sundered Grail</title>
		<genre>Fantasy</genre>
		<price>5.95</price>
		<publish_date>2001-09-10</publish_date>
		<description>The two daughters of Maeve, half-sisters,
			battle one
			another for control of England. Sequel to
			Oberon's Legacy.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk106">
		<author>Randall, Cynthia</author>
		<title>Lover Birds</title>
		<genre>Romance</genre>
		<price>4.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-09-02</publish_date>
		<description>When Carla meets Paul at an ornithology
			conference,
			tempers fly as feathers get ruffled.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk107">
		<author>Thurman, Paula</author>
		<title>Splish Splash</title>
		<genre>Romance</genre>
		<price>4.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
		<description>A deep sea diver finds true love twenty
			thousand leagues
			beneath the sea.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk108">
		<author>Knorr, Stefan</author>
		<title>Creepy Crawlies</title>
		<genre>Horror</genre>
		<price>4.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-12-06</publish_date>
		<description>An anthology of horror stories about roaches,
			centipedes,
			scorpions and other insects.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk109">
		<author>Kress, Peter</author>
		<title>Paradox Lost</title>
		<genre>Science Fiction</genre>
		<price>6.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
		<description>After an inadvertant trip through a Heisenberg
			Uncertainty Device, James Salway discovers the problems
			of being
			quantum.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk110">
		<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
		<title>Microsoft .NET: The Programming Bible</title>
		<genre>Computer</genre>
		<price>36.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-12-09</publish_date>
		<description>Microsoft's .NET initiative is explored in
			detail in this
			deep programmer's reference.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk111">
		<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
		<title>MSXML3: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
		<genre>Computer</genre>
		<price>36.95</price>
		<publish_date>2000-12-01</publish_date>
		<description>The Microsoft MSXML3 parser is covered in
			detail, with
			attention to XML DOM interfaces, XSLT processing,
			SAX and more.
		</description>
	</book>
	<book id="bk112">
		<author>Galos, Mike</author>
		<title>Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
		<genre>Computer</genre>
		<price>49.95</price>
		<publish_date>2001-04-16</publish_date>
		<description>Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
			looking at
			how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are
			integrated into a
			comprehensive development
			environment.
		</description>
	</book>
</catalog>

Now we define the appropriate POJO’s for the above xml.
Create a class Catalog who’s structure is given below

import java.util.List;
 
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
 
@XmlRootElement(name = "catalog")
public class Catalog {
 
	List<Book> books;
 
	@XmlElement(name = "book")
	public List<Book> getBooks() {
		return books;
	}
 
	public void setBooks(List<Book> books) {
		this.books = books;
	}
}

Create a class Book who’s structure is given below

package com.mdoffice;
 
import java.util.Date;
 
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
 
@XmlRootElement(name = "Book")
public class Book {
 
	private String id;
 
	private String author;
 
	private String title;
 
	private String genre;
 
	private double price;
 
	private Date publish_date;
 
	private String description;
 
	public String getAuthor() {
		return author;
	}
 
	public void setAuthor(String author) {
		this.author = author;
	}
 
	public double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
 
	public void setPrice(double price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
 
	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}
 
	@XmlAttribute(name = "id")
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
 
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
 
	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}
 
	public String getGenre() {
		return genre;
	}
 
	public void setGenre(String genre) {
		this.genre = genre;
	}
 
	public Date getPublish_date() {
		return publish_date;
	}
 
	public void setPublish_date(Date publish_date) {
		this.publish_date = publish_date;
	}
 
	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}
 
	public void setDescription(String description) {
		this.description = description;
	}
 
	public String toString() {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		sb.append("Author: ").append(this.getAuthor())
				.append("\nDescription: ").append(this.getDescription())
				.append("\nGenre: ").append(this.getGenre()).append("\nId: ")
				.append(this.getId()).append("\nPrice: ")
				.append(this.getPrice()).append("\nTitle: ")
				.append(this.getTitle()).append("\nPublishedDate: ")
				.append(this.getPublish_date());
		return sb.toString();
	}
 
}

Now create BookCatalog class.
If you are only interested in the unmarshalling process just look at the BookCatalog constructor.

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;
 
public class BookCatalog {
 
	private List<Book> books;
	private Catalog catalog;
 
	public BookCatalog() {
		try {
 
			File file = new File("books.xml");
			JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(Catalog.class);
			Unmarshaller jaxbUnmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
			this.catalog = (Catalog) jaxbUnmarshaller.unmarshal(file);
			books = this.catalog.getBooks();
 
		} catch (JAXBException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
 
		BookCatalog bookCatalog = new BookCatalog();
		System.out.println("--------------findBookByGenre-Horror--------------------");
		List<Book> a = bookCatalog.findBookByGenre("Horror");
		for (Book t : a) {
			System.out.println(t);
			System.out.println("-----------");
		}
		System.out.println("--------------findBookByAuthor--------------------");
		List<Book> auth = bookCatalog.findBookByAuthor("Ralls, Kim");
		for (Book t : auth) {
			System.out.println(t);
			System.out.println("-----------");
		}
		System.out.println("--------------findBookByPublishDate--------------------");
		Calendar c1 = Calendar.getInstance();
		c1.set(2000, 2, 1);
		Calendar c2 = Calendar.getInstance();
		c2.set(2001, 12, 1);
		Date startDate = c1.getTime();
		Date endDate = c2.getTime();
		List<Book> pubDate = bookCatalog.findBookByPublishDate(startDate,
				endDate);
		for (Book t : pubDate) {
			System.out.println(t);
			System.out.println("-----------");
		}
 
		System.out.println("--------------Actual Books Published Date--------------------");
 
		for (Book t : bookCatalog.books) {
			System.out.println(t.getPublish_date());
		}
 
		System.out.println("--------------sortBookByPublishDate--------------------");
 
		List<Book> b = bookCatalog.sortBookByPublishDate(bookCatalog.books);
		for (Book c : b) {
			System.out.println(c.getPublish_date());
		}
 
		System.out.println("--------------Actual Books Author Unsorted--------------------");
 
		for (Book t : bookCatalog.books) {
			System.out.println(t.getAuthor());
		}
		System.out.println("-------------sortBooksByAuthor--------------------");
		List<Book> b1 = bookCatalog.sortBooksByAuthor(bookCatalog.books);
		for (Book t1 : b1) {
			System.out.println(t1.getAuthor());
		}
 
		System.out.println("--------------UnsortedBookPrice--------------------");
 
		for (Book t : bookCatalog.books) {
			System.out.println(t.getPrice());
		}
		System.out.println("--------------SortedBookPrice--------------------");
		List<Book> b2 = bookCatalog.sortBookByPrice(bookCatalog.books);
		for (Book t1 : b2) {
			System.out.println(t1.getPrice());
		}
 
	}
 
	public Catalog getCatalog() {
		return catalog;
	}
 
	public void setCatalog(Catalog catalog) {
		this.catalog = catalog;
	}
 
	public List<Book> getBooks() {
		return books;
	}
 
	public void setBooks(List<Book> books) {
		this.books = books;
	}
 
	public List<Book> findBookByGenre(String genre) {
		List<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
		for (Book book : books) {
			if (book.getGenre().equals(genre)) {
				result.add(book);
			}
		}
		return result;
 
	}
 
	public List<Book> findBookByAuthor(String author) {
		List<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
		for (Book book : books) {
			if (book.getAuthor().equals(author)) {
				result.add(book);
			}
		}
		return result;
 
	}
 
	public List<Book> findBookByPrice(double startPrice, double endPrice) {
		List<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
		for (Book book : books) {
			double price = book.getPrice();
			if (price >= startPrice && price <= endPrice) {
				result.add(book);
			}
		}
		return result;
	}
 
	public List<Book> findBookByPublishDate(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
		List<Book> result = new ArrayList<Book>();
		for (Book book : books) {
			Date d = book.getPublish_date();
			if (d.after(startDate) && d.before(endDate)) {
				result.add(book);
			}
		}
		return result;
	}
 
	public List<Book> sortBooksByAuthor(List<Book> book) {
                List<Book> b = book;
		Collections.sort(b, new BookAuthorComparator());
		return b;
	}
 
	public List<Book> sortBookByPrice(List<Book> book) {
                List<Book> b = book;
		Collections.sort(b, new BookPriceComparator());
		return b;
	}
 
	public List<Book> sortBookByPublishDate(List<Book> book) {
                List<Book> b = book;
		Collections.sort(b, new BookPublishComparator());
		return b;
	}
 
	public class BookPublishComparator implements Comparator<Book> {
		public int compare(Book a, Book b) {
			return a.getPublish_date().compareTo(b.getPublish_date());
 
		}
	}
 
	public class BookAuthorComparator implements Comparator<Book> {
		public int compare(Book a, Book b) {
			return a.getAuthor().compareTo(b.getAuthor());
 
		}
	}
 
	public class BookPriceComparator implements Comparator<Book> {
		public int compare(Book a, Book b) {
			return Double.valueOf(a.getPrice()).compareTo(
					Double.valueOf(b.getPrice()));
 
		}
	}
 
}

The following is the unit test cases for the BookCatalog class:

import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
 
import junit.framework.Assert;
 
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
 
import com.mdoffice.Book;
import com.mdoffice.BookCatalog;
 
public class BookCatalogTest {
 
	public static BookCatalog b;
 
	@BeforeClass
	public static void runBeforeClass() {
		b = new BookCatalog();
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testFindBookByGenre() {
		Assert.assertTrue((b.findBookByGenre("Computer")).size() > 0);
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testFindBookByAuthor() {
		Assert.assertTrue((b.findBookByAuthor("Ralls, Kim")).size() > 0);
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testFindBookByPrice() {
		Assert.assertTrue((b.findBookByPrice(10, 50)).size() > 0);
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testFindBookByPublishDate() {
		Calendar c1 = Calendar.getInstance();
		c1.set(2000, 2, 1);
		Calendar c2 = Calendar.getInstance();
		c2.set(2013, 12, 1);
		Date startDate = c1.getTime();
		Date endDate = c2.getTime();
		Assert.assertTrue((b.findBookByPublishDate(startDate, endDate)).size() > 0);
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testSortBooksByAuthor() {
		List<Book> books = b.sortBooksByAuthor(b.getBooks());
		String firstBook = books.get(0).getAuthor();
		String secondBook = "";
		int length = books.size();
		for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
			secondBook = books.get(i).getAuthor();
			if (firstBook.compareTo(secondBook) > 0) {
				fail("Sort Books By Author failed");
				break;
			} else {
				firstBook = secondBook;
			}
		}
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testSortBookByPrice() {
		List<Book> books = b.sortBookByPrice(b.getBooks());
		double firstBook = books.get(0).getPrice();
		double secondBook = 0;
		int length = books.size();
		for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
			secondBook = books.get(i).getPrice();
			if (Double.valueOf(firstBook).compareTo(Double.valueOf(secondBook)) > 0) {
				fail("Sort Books By Price failed");
				break;
			} else {
				firstBook = secondBook;
			}
		}
	}
 
 
	@Test
	public void testSortBookByPublishDate() {
		List<Book> books = b.sortBookByPublishDate(b.getBooks());
		Date firstBook = books.get(0).getPublish_date();
		Date secondBook = null;
		int length = books.size();
		for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
			secondBook = books.get(i).getPublish_date();
			if (firstBook.compareTo(secondBook) > 0) {
				fail("Sort Books By Publish Date failed");
				break;
			} else {
				firstBook = secondBook;
			}
		}
	}
 
}
  1. finally some one who explains by example, and writes all the missing peaces, thanks your tutorial with example helped when all others didn’t.

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